Severe Falciparum Malaria09 / 18
Multi-system organ support.
Deaths in severe malaria are caused by multi-organ failure, not parasite burden. ICU support saves the patient — the drug clears the parasite.Lung-protective
B · Ventilation
- · TV 6 mL/kg IBW · Plateau ≤30 cmH₂O
- · PEEP 12 · FiO₂ to SpO₂ ≥95%
- · Prone if P/F <150 · ECMO last resort
Vasopressor
C · Circulation
- · Noradrenaline first-line · MAP ≥65
- · Arterial line essential
- · Conservative fluids — FEAST: boluses kill
Antimalarial
D · Artesunate
- · 2.4 mg/kg · 0 h / 12 h / 24 h / daily
- · Repeat parasitaemia 12-hourly
- · Switch to oral ACT when tolerating
- · Hourly monitoring — mandatory
- · Target 5–10 mmol/L
- · Treat: 50 mL 50% dextrose IV stat
- · K⁺ 6.2 → urgent CRRT now
- · Early CVVHDF for AKI
- · Avoid nephrotoxins · protect tubules
- · IV lorazepam first-line
- · Levetiracetam if recurrent
- · Steroids CONTRAINDICATED — SNAP
CICM Fellowship Masterclass · 2026Dr Timothy Chimunda FCICM